* Rescaled indices of economic, social and cultural status (ESCS) for use with the PISA 2012, 2015 and 2018 datasets, available in CSV only.
Non-venomous snakebites carry high risks of severe bacterial infections (such as Aeromonas or Salmonella ) due to aquatic bacteria.
The following report is drafted as an for a simulated emergency response exercise. AFTER-ACTION REPORT: EXERCISE QUEENSNAKE MOULAGE
Simulated "snake bite" scenarios often use moulage to teach first responders how to identify a species based on the "victim's" description or a prop left at the scene. queensnake moulage
Once cured, flip the mold, remove the bedding clay, apply a release agent, and pour the second half of the mold. Step 3: Casting the Silicone Snake
For most of their lives, crayfish are protected by a hard, calcified shell that makes them difficult for a snake to eat. However, to grow, a crayfish must periodically shed this old shell in a process called "molting." Immediately after molting, the crayfish's new exoskeleton is extremely soft and pliable, like a "gummy bear," leaving the animal entirely defenseless for a short period. It is at this precise moment that the queensnake strikes. Non-venomous snakebites carry high risks of severe bacterial
This practice provides several critical educational benefits:
The queensnake population is currently facing an emerging threat from , caused by the fungus Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola . Once cured, flip the mold, remove the bedding
. Because crayfish require clean, unpolluted water to thrive, the presence of a queensnake shed suggests that the waterway is chemically balanced and teeming with life. Conclusion
In modern medical and veterinary education, moulage is a powerful simulation tool. It involves the artful application of mock injuries, wounds, or medical conditions using makeup and prosthetics. This creates a high level of fidelity in training scenarios, allowing students to practice diagnosing and treating realistic skin conditions, traumatic injuries, and other clinical signs without risk to a live patient. For example, specialized moulage can simulate conditions like pitting edema, providing a realistic tactile and visual experience for learners. Similarly, in veterinary contexts, moulage could be used to simulate dermatological conditions in reptiles for educational purposes.
* see PISA2018 Technical Report Annex K for details.
** Rescaled indices of economic, social and cultural status (ESCS) for use with the PISA 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012 datasets
For PISA 2012, Data are available in TXT format. SAS and SPSS Control Files are available to recreate the dataset in selected format.
For PISA 2009, Data are available in TXT format. SAS and SPSS Control Files are available to recreate the dataset in selected format.
For PISA 2009 ERA, Data are available in TXT format. SAS and SPSS Control Files are available to recreate the dataset in selected format.
Navigation Indices file (SPSS format only)
For PISA 2006, Data are available in TXT format. SAS and SPSS Control Files are available to recreate the dataset in selected format.
Data file with abilities on the Computer-Based Assessment of Science (CBAS) for students from three countries
For PISA 2003, Data are available in TXT format. SAS and SPSS Control Files are available to recreate the dataset in selected format.
For PISA 2000, Data are available in TXT format. SAS and SPSS Control Files are available to recreate the dataset in selected format.
ESCS SPSS and SAS data Files for Economic, social and cultural status (ESCS) data files.